UNDERFOOT NOTES / Sheet 1 of ∞ / Scale 1:1 boots

Clear answers about the ground we walk on, from pebbles to plate boundaries.

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Big Questions

Slow, large ideas about deep time and the shape of the planet, with honest notes on what is still unsettled.

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27 June 2026 · 13 min

How Did We Learn the Earth Has a Core We Have Never Seen?

Nobody has ever drilled anywhere near the Earth's centre, yet we know it has a liquid outer core and a solid inner one. The answer is a century of detective work, using the way earthquake waves bend, slow down and disappear on their way through the planet.

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13 September 2025 · 7 min

How Did People Figure Out the Earth Is Billions of Years Old?

Nobody measured the Earth's age with a single clever test. It took centuries of looking at rock layers, one wrong-but-careful estimate, and the discovery that atoms keep time. Here's how the pieces fit together.